Ability and possibility in Japanese – Koto ga dekimasu

In Japanese language, it is possible to express ability and possibility with ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ (koto ga dekimasu) form. ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ (koto ga dekimasu) is polite form of ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใ‚‹ (koto ga dekiru). When you want to say your ability or possibility to do something, you can express it using ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ (koto ga dekimasu) form.

Rule: Verb Plain Form + koto ga dekimasu.
This means you have to add plain form of verb before the “koto ga dekimasu” form.

Lets see some examples:


English: Mika can make various countries dish.
Japanese: ใƒŸใ‚ซใ•ใ‚“ ใฏ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ„ใ‚‹ใช ใใซ ใฎ ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Š ใ‚’ ใคใใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Kanji: ใƒŸใ‚ซใ•ใ‚“ ใฏ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ„ใ‚‹ใช ๅ›ฝ ใฎ ๆ–™็† ใ‚’ ไฝœใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Reading: Mika-san wa iru iru na kuni no ryouri wo tsukuru koto ga dekimasu.

Expressing ability to make various dishes.


English: Around how many meters can you swim?
Japanese: ใชใ‚“ ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซ ใใ‚‰ใ„ ใŠใ‚ˆใ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ‹?
Kanji: ไฝ• ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซ ใใ‚‰ใ„ ๆณณใ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ‹?
Reading: Nan meetoru gurai oyogu koto ga dekimasu ka?

Questioning about the ability of the swimming length.


English: You can visit here from 10am.
Japanese: ใ“ใ“ ใฏ ใ‚ใ• 10ใ˜ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ‘ใ‚“ใŒใ ใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Kanji: ใ“ใ“ ใฏ ๆœ 10ๆ™‚ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ่ฆ‹ๅญฆ ใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Reading: Koko wa asa 10-ji kara kengaku suru koto ga dekimasu.

Expressing about, from when it is possible to visit the area.


English: It is quite difficult to memorize kanji.
Japanese: ใชใ‹ใชใ‹ ใ‹ใ‚“ใ˜ ใ‚’ ใŠใผใˆใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
Kanji: ใชใ‹ใชใ‹ ๆผขๅญ— ใ‚’ ่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใงใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
Reading: Nakanaka kanji wo oboeru koto ga dekimasen.

ใชใ‹ใชใ‹ (nakanaka) means, you want to but it is hard to do.
Expressing about, inability/not possible to memorize kanji.


English: This luggage is light, therefore, can be carried by one person.
Japanese: ใ“ใฎ ใซใ‚‚ใค ใฏ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ ใงใ™ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใฒใจใ‚Š ใง ใ‚‚ใค ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Kanji: ใ“ใฎ ่ท็‰ฉ ใฏ ่ปฝใ„ ใงใ™ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ไธ€ไบบ ใง ๆŒใค ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Reading: Kono nimotsu wa karui desu kara hitori de motsu koto ga dekimasu.

Expressing about, possibility for how many person can carry the luggage based on the weigh.


English: I can speak in Japanese. (as a foreigner)
Japanese: ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใซใปใ‚“ใ” ใ‚’ ใฏใชใ™ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Kanji: ็ง ใฏ ๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชž ใ‚’ ่ฉฑใ™ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Reading: Watashi wa nihongo wo hanasu koto ga dekimasu.

Expressing about, ability of speaking Japanese as a foreigner.


English: I cannot make dishes (cook).
Japanese: ใ‚ใŸใ— ใฏ ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚Š ใ‚’ ใคใใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
Kanji: ็ง ใฏ ๆ–™็† ใ‚’ ไฝœใ‚‹ใ™ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
Reading: Watashi wa riyouri wo tsukuru koto ga dekimasen.

Expressing about, inability of making dishes (cooking).


Hope now you have the idea about how to express ability or possibility using ใ“ใจ ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ (koto ga dekimasu) form. Try using this form in your Japanese expression.

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